ちょっとディープな生物の世界

光合成する動物「エリシア・クロロティカ」

ウミウシの一種である「エリシア・クロロティカ」は、光合成をする動物である。生まれつき葉緑体を持っているわけではなく、藻を食べてその細胞の中身を吸出し、葉緑体を消化管内に保持することができる。光合成によって合成された糖だけで、9~10ヶ月を生きることができる。

葉緑体は独自の遺伝子を持っているが、葉緑体の活動に必要なたんぱく質の10%ほどの遺伝子しか含まれていない。必要な遺伝子は大部分は藻の細胞の核に含まれている。研究では、このウミウシの細胞にも、葉緑体の活動に必要な遺伝子が何故か含まれていることが判明した。どのようにして、藻の細胞の遺伝子が、ウミウシに組み込まれたのかは明らかになっていない。

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